How to calculate a down payment

3 min read

Down Payment = Purchase Price x Down Payment %. How it connects to the loan amount and LTV on the NY exam.

Down Payment = Purchase Price × Down Payment %

How to solve it, step by step

  1. Convert the down payment percentage to a decimal.
  2. Multiply by the purchase price.
  3. Subtract from the purchase price to get the loan amount if asked.
  4. Remember the down payment percentage and the LTV always total 100%.

Worked examples

20% down on $500,000 = $500,000 × 0.2 = $100,000. The loan is therefore $500,000 − $100,000 = $400,000.
Reversed: a buyer puts $85,000 down on a $425,000 home. Down payment percentage = $85,000 ÷ $425,000 = 20%, which means an 80% LTV.

What the NY exam actually asks

Down payment and LTV are two views of the same number. If the down payment is 20%, the LTV is 80%. The exam often gives one and asks for the other.

Try one yourself

A buyer purchases a $340,000 home with a 15% down payment. What is the loan amount?

Show the answer

$289,000. The down payment is $340,000 × 0.15 = $51,000, so the loan is $340,000 − $51,000 = $289,000. That is an 85% LTV.

Common mistakes

  • Reporting the down payment when the question asked for the loan amount.
  • Forgetting that down payment % and LTV always add to 100%.
  • Confusing the down payment with earnest money, which is only a deposit toward it.

Questions students ask

Is earnest money the same as the down payment?

No. Earnest money is a good-faith deposit that is usually credited toward the down payment at closing.

If the down payment is 15%, what is the LTV?

85%. The two always add to 100%.

Related formulas

Practise this. The free 10-question math quiz drills these formulas, and the free timed practice exam puts them under exam conditions.
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